Yes, we fuck! Challenging the misfit sexual body through disabled women’s narratives

Southern European society has been described in sociological literature as ableist, patriarchal and male-oriented. Under such conditions, many disabled women face multiple oppressions on grounds of gender, disability, class, age, sexual orientation, ‘race’ and ethnicity. The social construction of the impaired body as passive and dependent is conducive to a process of desexualization, presenting disabled people as inadequate for a full intimate life. The dominant biomedical model reinforces this process. This article draws on selected works in feminist disability studies to argue that rather than a body which is unfit, or does not fit, the ‘misfit’ is instead a cultural failure in accommodating and cherishing diversity. The authors also suggest that the desexualization of disabled women is replicating, as well as resulting from, historical tendencies to dehumanize and infantilize women. The empirical data is drawn from a larger project ‘Disabled Intimacies? Sexual and Reproductive Citizenship of Disabled Women in Portugal’. Biographical narrative interviews with disabled women are analyzed to explore the notion of ‘misfit’ sexual bodies. Theirs are stories of counter-norms and the struggle for sexual fulfilment and recognition. The women’s discussions of sexuality point to a need to change the ways that disability and intimacy are addressed in mainstream scholarly literature, institutions and the state. Narrow, heteronormative and ableist understandings of sexual intercourse and the linear character of mainstream stories of intimacy are shown as hindering the prospect of the recognition of disabled women as sexual citizens

The Problem of Fragment Answers

In this paper, I discuss the status of fragment answers to yes-no questions, based on facts from European Portuguese. I argue, along the lines of argumentation in Merchant (2004), that there is reason to believe that at least some of these fragments are derived through deletion. However, I show that data from EP does not support Merchant's analysis of fragments as constituents moved to the left periphery before deletion. This leaves us with the problem of non-constituent deletion, which I argue is not a problem for a phonological deletion theory of ellipsis.En este estudio, discutiré el estatus de las respuestas fragmentadas que surgen como respuesta a preguntas si-no, tomando como base datos del Portugués Europeo. Siguiendo las líneas trazadas por Merchant (2004), propongo que hay razones para pensar que al menos algunos de estos fragmentos se derivan a través del proceso de elisión. Sin embargo, muestro que el portugués europeo no corrobora el análisis de Merchant, quien establece que los fragmentos son constituyentes que se mueven a la periferia izquierda de la cláusula con anterioridad a la elisión. Ante tal situación, surge el problema de la elisión de los no constituyentes, el cual argumento que no es un problema para una teoría de la elipsis centrada en la eliminación fonológica.Neste artigo, discuto o estatuto de respostas fragmentárias a interrogativas de sim-não, com base em factos do Português Europeu. Defendo, na linha de argumentação de Merchant (2004), que há razão para acreditar que pelo menos alguns destes fragmentos são derivados através de apagamento. No entanto, demonstro que dados do Português Europeu não sustentam a análise de Merchant dos fragmentos como constituintes deslocados para a periferia esquerda após apagamento. Resta-nos o problema do apagamento de não-constituintes, que argumento não constituir um problema para a teoria do apagamento fonológico da elipse

Elipse do SV e distribuição de advérbios em Português Língua de Herança e L2

This study compares the performance of adult L2 speakers of European Portuguese (EP) and 9-10 year-old heritage children acquiring EP concerning their knowledge of two aspects of grammar, adverb placement and VP ellipsis, which depend on knowledge of a core syntactic property of the language, verb movement. Regarding adverbs, the results do not show evidence of German V2 influence: both heritage children and L2 adults accept non V2 word orders. Performance in the VP ellipsis task is more complex: heritage children produce VP ellipsis at the level of controls, as opposed to L2 speakers; however, L2 and (possibly also) heritage speakers show some crosslinguistic influence effects.Este trabalho foi desenvolvido no âmbito do projeto Completivas na Aquisição do Português, financiado pela Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (referência: PTDC/CLE-LIN/120897/2010

Comparing heritage speakers and late L2-learners of European Portuguese: verb movement, VP ellipsis and adverb placement

This study compares the performance of Portuguese-German heritage children and adult L2 speakers of European Portuguese whose L1 is German with respect to two aspects of grammar, adverb placement and VP-ellipsis, which depend on a core syntactic property of the language, verb movement. The results show that both groups have acquired V-to- I and adverb placement, showing no influence of a V2 grammar. Performance in the VP-ellipsis task is more complex: heritage children produce VP-ellipsis at the level of controls, as opposed to L2 speakers; however, both L2 and heritage speakers show that cross-linguistic influence may produce a preference for pronoun substitution over VPellipsis in a task asking for redundancy resolution. Nevertheless, given that overall results show that heritage children perform at the level of L1 children, we take our results to support approaches to heritage bilingualism which suggest the development of an intact grammar in childhood.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

VP - Ellipsis Comprehension in European and Brazilian Portuguese

Ellipses are quite common amongst languages. As Bar ss (2003) points out, ellipsis (as a type of anaphora) involves linguisti c expressions which receive their semantic interpretation “via a depend ency upon an antecedent, rather than from its internal lexical c ontent.” (p. ix) This makes ellipsis in and of itself an interesting topi c for language acquisition research since it is a syntax-discourse phenomenon which implies the development of both formal licensing conditions and identification conditions for convergence. Our aim in this paper is to examine the acquisition of one case of ellipsis, namely, VP ellipsis (VPE), in European Po rtuguese (EP) and Brazilian Portuguese (BP).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

VP - Ellipsis Comprehension in European and Brazilian Portuguese

Ellipses are quite common amongst languages. As Bar ss (2003) points out, ellipsis (as a type of anaphora) involves linguisti c expressions which receive their semantic interpretation “via a depend ency upon an antecedent, rather than from its internal lexical c ontent.” (p. ix) This makes ellipsis in and of itself an interesting topi c for language acquisition research since it is a syntax-discourse phenomenon which implies the development of both formal licensing conditions and identification conditions for convergence. Our aim in this paper is to examine the acquisition of one case of ellipsis, namely, VP ellipsis (VPE), in European Po rtuguese (EP) and Brazilian Portuguese (BP).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Existe explicação econômica para o sub-registro de crimes contra a propriedade?

O intuito deste estudo foi buscar evidências que permitissem responder a seguinte questão: é possível uma explicação econômica para o sub-registro de crimes contra a propriedade? Especificamente, examinou-se a influência dos fatores socioeconômicos, demográficos e de segurança pública sobre o sub-registro de roubos em quatro capitais brasileiras. Para isso modelou-se, empiricamente, o processo de decisão de uma vítima de crime em registrá-lo ou não às autoridades competentes, fundamentando-se na hipótese da racionalidade econômica da vítima. Utilizando microdados na estimativa de um modelo probit, foram encontradas evidências que sustentam a hipótese de que as vítimas de crimes agem racionalmente, avaliando os custos e benefícios esperados de registrá-lo ou não às autoridades. Observou-se que algumas características pessoais das vítimas, os prejuízos, a eficiência da justiça e o medo de represália são fatores que afetam o resultado da decisão.In this paper we intend to analyze the influence of socioeconomic factors on the under-recorded crimes against property. The victim's decision to record a crime or not to the competent authorities, is based on the hypothesis of the victim's economic rationality. Using individual data from a victimization survey undertaken in four capitals of Brazil and a probit model, we found evidences in favor of the hypothesis that the victims of crimes act rationally, evaluating the costs and expected benefits of recording or not the crime to the authorities. It was observed that the some of the victim's personal characteristics, the losses, law enforcement and the fear of reprisals are factors that affect his or her decision

Trabalho infantil no meio rural brasileiro: evidências sobre o paradoxo da riqueza

O objetivo deste estudo é investigar os efeitos da riqueza familiar no meio rural, mensurada pelo tamanho da propriedade agrícola, sobre a probabilidade de ocorrência do trabalho infantil agrícola. Utilizando os microdados da PNAD de 2006, e controlando as principais características individuais, demográficas e familiares que potencialmente afetam o trabalho infantil agrícola, foi possível isolar o efeito da riqueza familiar agrícola. Os resultados indicaram que, controlando a idade, gênero, raça, efeitos regionais, características da mãe e da família, há diferença na probabilidade de um indivíduo trabalhar precocemente devido às diferenças na riqueza de sua família. Especificamente, observa-se que a probabilidade de uma criança trabalhar em função do tamanho da propriedade agrícola segue uma parábola com vértice para cima, mostrando que com o aumento da propriedade agrícola, aumenta a probabilidade de crianças trabalharem em atividades agrícolas e pecuárias até atingir um ponto (76 ha) a partir do qual ocorre redução do trabalho infantil nessas atividades.The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of the family wealth - using the agricultural land size as a proxy - on the probability that a child works in rural areas of Brazil. The data are from the 2006 Brazilian Household Survey (PNAD). The results indicated that, after controlling for individual and family characteristics (age, gender, education and race) , and demographic and regional effects, child labor is affected by family wealth. It is possible to observe that the child's probability to work as a function of the land size follow a parabolic curve, showing that as the land size increases, increases the probability that a child works up to a maximum of 76 hectares, after which child labor decreases

Comprehension of Relative Clauses vs. Control Structures in SLI and ASD Children

In this paper we investigate the comprehension of relative clauses and control structures in children diagnosed with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) and children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Several studies have explored a syntactic deficit in SLI children, and particularly a deficit in comprehension and production of object relative clauses (Friedmann & Novogrodsky, 2004; Novogrodsky & Friedmann, 2006; a.o.), a case in which an intervention effect is created as a result of A-bar moving an object DP which crosses a subject. However, less is known about the performance of SLI children in the comprehension of control structures which may also correspond to a configuration justifying an intervention effect, if control is analysed as A-movement (see Hornstein, 1999). This is the case of subject control with promise-type verbs. In addition, some recent studies suggested similarities between SLI and ASD children in the comprehension and production of relative clauses, but very few recent studies have looked at the performance of ASD children in the case of control structures (Perovic & Janke, 2013 and Janke & Perovic, 2015 are exceptions). In this paper, our aim is twofold: we add to our knowledge of linguistic impairment in SLI and ASD children, by comparing the performance of the two groups in the comprehension of relatives and control structures; we use this comparison to contribute to the discussion concerning the nature of control structures.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Alguns aspetos da aquisição de orações subordinadas completivas

Neste capítulo, mostrámos que as completivas surgem, no discurso espontâneo, a par de outras estruturas que ativam a projeção do domínio CP (como interrogativas wh-, clivadas e relativas). Embora as primeiras completivas surjam no discurso espontâneo por volta dos dois anos ou entre os dois e os três anos, vimos que (i) nem todas as estruturas, quer no caso de completivas infinitivas quer no caso de completivas finitas, emergem ao mesmo tempo e que (ii) nem todas as estruturas são igualmente compreendidas por crianças em idade préescolar. No que diz respeito às completivas infinitivas, o infinitivo flexionado é produzido precocemente, mas não em todos os contextos possíveis; para além disso, algumas estruturas de controlo oferecem dificuldades mesmo a crianças em idade pré-escolar (e, presumivelmente, em idade escolar). No que diz respeito às completivas finitas, a estabilização da distribuição do conjuntivo prolonga-se até pelo menos aos 9 anos. Finalmente, saliente-se que as subordinadas completivas são ainda um domínio em que se podem observar diferenças entre o desenvolvimento típico e o atípico, podendo observar-se dificuldades na sua produção (por exemplo, omissão de complementador nas finitas) de forma prolongada no desenvolvimento atípico.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio